Batire yamagetsi imatchedwa mtima wa galimoto yamagetsi; mtundu, zipangizo, mphamvu, magwiridwe antchito achitetezo, ndi zina zotero za batire ya galimoto yamagetsi zakhala "magawo" ndi "magawo" ofunikira poyesa galimoto yamagetsi. Pakadali pano, mtengo wa batire ya galimoto yamagetsi nthawi zambiri ndi 30%-40% ya galimoto yonse, zomwe tinganene kuti ndi chowonjezera chachikulu!
Pakadali pano, mabatire amphamvu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto amagetsi pamsika nthawi zambiri amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: mabatire a lithiamu ya ternary ndi mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate. Kenako, ndiloleni ndifotokoze mwachidule kusiyana ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwa mabatire awiriwa:
1. Zipangizo zosiyanasiyana:
Chifukwa chomwe chimatchedwa "ternary lithium" ndi "lithium iron phosphate" makamaka chimatanthauza zinthu za mankhwala za "zabwino electrode material" ya batri yamagetsi;
"Lithium ya Ternary":
Zipangizo za cathode zimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu za lithiamu nickel cobalt manganate (Li(NiCoMn)O2) za cathode pamabatire a lithiamu. Zipangizozi zimaphatikiza ubwino wa lithiamu cobalt oxide, lithiamu nickel oxide ndi lithiamu manganate, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zitatuzi zikhale ndi eutectic system. Chifukwa cha mphamvu ya ternary synergistic, magwiridwe ake onse ndi abwino kuposa chinthu chilichonse chophatikizana.
"Lithium chitsulo phosphate":
amatanthauza mabatire a lithiamu-ion omwe amagwiritsa ntchito lithiamu iron phosphate ngati cathode. Makhalidwe ake ndi akuti alibe zinthu zamtengo wapatali monga cobalt, mtengo wa zinthu zopangira ndi wotsika, ndipo phosphorous ndi chitsulo zili zambiri padziko lapansi, kotero sipadzakhala mavuto opezeka.
chidule
Zipangizo za lithiamu ya Ternary ndizosowa ndipo zikukwera chifukwa cha chitukuko cha magalimoto amagetsi mwachangu. Mitengo yawo ndi yokwera ndipo imachepetsedwa kwambiri ndi zipangizo zopangira zam'mwamba. Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha lithiamu ya ternary pakadali pano;
Phosphate yachitsulo ya Lithium, chifukwa imagwiritsa ntchito chiŵerengero chotsika cha zitsulo zosowa/zamtengo wapatali ndipo makamaka ndi yotsika mtengo komanso yambiri yachitsulo, ndi yotsika mtengo kuposa mabatire a lithiamu a ternary ndipo sikhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zipangizo zopangira zakumtunda. Ichi ndi chikhalidwe chake.
2. Kuchulukana kwa mphamvu zosiyanasiyana:
"Batri ya lithiamu ya Ternary": Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachitsulo zomwe zimagwira ntchito kwambiri, mphamvu ya mabatire akuluakulu a lithiamu ya ternary nthawi zambiri imakhala (140wh/kg ~ 160 wh/kg), yomwe ndi yotsika kuposa ya mabatire a ternary omwe ali ndi chiŵerengero chapamwamba cha nickel (160 wh/kg).～180 wh/kg); mphamvu zina zolemera zimatha kufika 180Wh-240Wh/kg.
"Lithium iron phosphate": Mphamvu yamagetsi nthawi zambiri imakhala 90-110 W/kg; mabatire ena atsopano a lithiamu iron phosphate, monga mabatire a masamba, amakhala ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yofika 120W/kg-140W/kg.
chidule
Ubwino waukulu wa "batri ya lithiamu ya ternary" kuposa "lithium iron phosphate" ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zake komanso liwiro lake lochaja mwachangu.
3. Kusinthasintha kosiyana kwa kutentha:
Kukana kutentha kochepa:
Batire ya lithiamu ya Ternary: Batire ya lithiamu ya Ternary ili ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri kutentha kochepa ndipo imatha kusunga pafupifupi 70% ~ 80% ya mphamvu ya batire yabwinobwino pa -20°C.
Phosphate yachitsulo ya Lithium: Siimalimbana ndi kutentha kochepa: Kutentha kukakhala pansi pa -10°C,
Mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate amawonongeka mwachangu kwambiri. Mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate amatha kusunga pafupifupi 50% mpaka 60% ya mphamvu ya batri pa -20°C.
chidule
Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakusintha kutentha pakati pa "batri ya lithiamu ya ternary" ndi "lithium iron phosphate"; "lithium iron phosphate" imapirira kutentha kwambiri; ndipo "batri ya lithiamu ya ternary" yosapirira kutentha kochepa imakhala ndi moyo wabwino wa batri m'madera akumpoto kapena m'nyengo yozizira.
4. Nthawi zosiyanasiyana za moyo:
Ngati mphamvu yotsala/mphamvu yoyamba = 80% yagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mapeto a mayeso, yesani:
Ma batire a lithiamu iron phosphate amakhala ndi moyo wautali kuposa mabatire a lead-acid ndi mabatire a ternary lithium. "Moyo wautali kwambiri" wa mabatire athu opangidwa ndi lead-acid m'galimoto ndi pafupifupi nthawi 300 zokha; batire ya ternary lithium imatha kukhala nthawi 2,000, koma ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kwenikweni, mphamvu yake idzawola kufika 60% pambuyo pa nthawi pafupifupi 1,000; ndipo moyo weniweni wa mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate ndi nthawi 2000, pakadali pano mphamvu ya 95%, ndipo moyo wake wozungulira umafika nthawi zoposa 3000.
chidule
Mabatire amphamvu ndi omwe ali pamwamba pa ukadaulo wa mabatire. Mitundu yonse iwiri ya mabatire a lithiamu ndi yolimba. Ponena za chiphunzitso, nthawi ya moyo wa batire ya lithiamu ya ternary ndi nthawi yochapira ndi kutulutsa mphamvu ya 2,000. Ngakhale titayichaja kamodzi patsiku, imatha kupitilira zaka 5.
5. Mitengo ndi yosiyana:
Popeza mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate alibe zinthu zamtengo wapatali zachitsulo, mtengo wa zinthu zopangira ukhoza kuchepetsedwa kwambiri. Mabatire a lithiamu a Ternary amagwiritsa ntchito lithiamu nickel cobalt manganate ngati zinthu zabwino za electrode ndi graphite ngati zinthu zoyipa za electrode, kotero mtengo wake ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate.
Batire ya lithiamu ya ternary imagwiritsa ntchito makamaka zinthu za ternary cathode za "lithium nickel cobalt manganate" kapena "lithium nickel cobalt aluminate" ngati electrode yabwino, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito mchere wa nickel, mchere wa cobalt, ndi mchere wa manganese ngati zopangira. "Cobalt element" mu zinthu ziwirizi za cathode ndi chitsulo chamtengo wapatali. Malinga ndi deta yochokera patsamba loyenerera, mtengo wodziwika wa chitsulo cha cobalt ndi 413,000 yuan/ton, ndipo chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zinthu, mtengo ukupitirira kukwera. Pakadali pano, mtengo wa mabatire a lithiamu ya ternary ndi 0.85-1 yuan/wh, ndipo pakadali pano ukukwera ndi kufunikira kwa msika; mtengo wa mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate omwe alibe zinthu zamtengo wapatali ndi pafupifupi 0.58-0.6 yuan/wh yokha.
chidule
Popeza "lithium iron phosphate" ilibe zitsulo zamtengo wapatali monga cobalt, mtengo wake ndi wokwera nthawi 0.5-0.7 kuposa mabatire a lithiamu ternary; mtengo wotsika mtengo ndi ubwino waukulu wa lithiamu iron phosphate.
Chidule
Chifukwa chomwe magalimoto amagetsi akulirakulira m'zaka zaposachedwapa ndikuyimira njira yamtsogolo yopangira magalimoto, zomwe zimapatsa ogula chidziwitso chabwino kwambiri, makamaka chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa ukadaulo wa batri yamagetsi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-28-2023
