Kuti muchulukitse moyo wautali komanso magwiridwe antchito a mabatire a lithiamu-ion, zizolowezi zoyenera zolipirira ndizofunikira. Kafukufuku waposachedwa komanso malingaliro amakampani akuwunikira njira zolipirira zamitundu iwiri yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri: mabatire a Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese (NCM kapena ternary lithium) ndi mabatire a Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP). Izi ndi zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kudziwa:
Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri
- Mabatire a NCM: Limbani ku90% kapena pansipakugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Pewani ndalama zonse (100%) pokhapokha ngati pakufunika paulendo wautali.
- Mabatire a LFP: Polipira tsiku ndi tsiku ku90% kapena pansipachabwino, asabata zonse
- kulipira(100%) ikufunika kukonzanso kuyerekezera kwa State of Charge (SOC).
Chifukwa Chiyani Muyenera Kupewa Malipiro Athunthu a Mabatire a NCM?
1. Kupanikizika Kwambiri kwa Voltage Kumafulumizitsa Kuwonongeka
Mabatire a NCM amagwira ntchito pamtunda wapamwamba kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mabatire a LFP. Kulipiritsa kwathunthu mabatirewa kumawapangitsa kukhala okwera kwambiri, ndikufulumizitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito mu cathode. Njira yosasinthikayi imabweretsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu ndikufupikitsa moyo wonse wa batri.
2. Zowopsa za Ma cell
Mabatire amanyamula amakhala ndi ma cell ambiri omwe ali ndi zosagwirizana chifukwa cha kusiyanasiyana kopanga komanso kusiyanasiyana kwa electrochemical. Ikalipira mpaka 100%, ma cell ena amatha kuchulukirachulukira, zomwe zimapangitsa kupsinjika komwe kumakhalako komanso kuwonongeka. Ngakhale Battery Management Systems (BMS) imagwira ntchito moyenera ma voltages a cell, ngakhale makina apamwamba ochokera kumakampani otsogola monga Tesla ndi BYD sangathe kuthetsa ngoziyi.
3. Mavuto a SOC
Mabatire a NCM amawonetsa mayendedwe otsetsereka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuyerekezera kolondola kwa SOC kudzera pa njira ya Open-circuit voltage (OCV). Mosiyana ndi izi, mabatire a LFP amakhala ndi piritsi lapafupifupi lamagetsi pakati pa 15% ndi 95% SOC, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwerengera kwa OCV-based SOC kukhala kosadalirika. Popanda kulipiritsa nthawi ndi nthawi, mabatire a LFP amavutika kuti akonzenso mayendedwe awo a SOC. Izi zitha kukakamiza BMS kukhala njira zodzitetezera pafupipafupi, kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito komanso thanzi la batri lalitali.
Chifukwa Chake Mabatire a LFP Amafunika Kulipiritsa Kwamlungu ndi Sabata
Malipiro a 100% sabata iliyonse pamabatire a LFP amakhala ngati "kukonzanso" kwa BMS. Izi zimayendera ma voltages a cell ndikuwongolera zolakwika za SOC zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe awo okhazikika amagetsi. Deta yolondola ya SOC ndiyofunikira kuti BMS igwiritse ntchito njira zodzitchinjiriza bwino, monga kuletsa kutulutsa mochulukira kapena kukhathamiritsa kuzungulira kwa kulipiritsa. Kudumpha kusanja uku kungayambitse kukalamba msanga kapena kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito mosayembekezereka.
Zochita Zabwino Kwambiri Zogwiritsa Ntchito
- Eni Ma Battery a NCM: Ikani patsogolo zolipiritsa pang'ono (≤90%) ndikusunga zolipiritsa zonse pazosowa zanthawi zina.
- Eni Mabatire a LFP: Pitirizani kulipiritsa tsiku lililonse pansi pa 90% koma onetsetsani kuti mwezi uliwonse mumalipira ndalama zonse.
- Onse Ogwiritsa: Pewani kutulutsa madzi pafupipafupi komanso kutentha kwambiri kuti muwonjezere moyo wa batri.
Pogwiritsa ntchito njirazi, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kupititsa patsogolo kulimba kwa batri, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa nthawi yaitali, ndikuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yodalirika ya magalimoto amagetsi kapena makina osungira mphamvu.
Khalani odziwitsidwa ndi zosintha zaposachedwa kwambiri paukadaulo wa batri ndi machitidwe okhazikika polembetsa kalata yathu yamakalata.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-13-2025
