Mabatire a Lithium akhala gawo lofunika kwambiri la mphamvu zatsopano, kupatsa mphamvu chilichonse kuyambira magalimoto amagetsi ndi malo osungira mphamvu mpaka zamagetsi onyamulika. Komabe, vuto lomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amakumana nalo padziko lonse lapansi ndi momwe kutentha kumakhudzira magwiridwe antchito a batri—chilimwe nthawi zambiri chimabweretsa mavuto monga kutupa ndi kutuluka kwa mabatire, pomwe nyengo yozizira imapangitsa kuti mabatire asamayende bwino komanso kuti asagwiritse ntchito bwino mphamvu. Izi zimachokera ku kutentha komwe mabatire a lithiamu amamva, pomwe mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, amagwira ntchito bwino pakati pa 0°C ndi 40°C. Mkati mwa izi, zochita zamkati mwa mankhwala ndi kusamuka kwa ma ion zimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, kuonetsetsa kuti mphamvu zimatulutsa mphamvu zambiri.
Kutentha kunja kwa zenera lotetezekali kumabweretsa zoopsa zazikulu kwa mabatire a lithiamu. M'malo otentha kwambiri, kusinthasintha kwa ma electrolyte ndi kuwonongeka kumafulumira, kumachepetsa mphamvu ya ma ion ndipo kungayambitse mpweya womwe umayambitsa kutupa kapena kuphulika kwa batire. Kuphatikiza apo, kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe ka zinthu za ma electrode kumachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu yamagetsi isasinthe. Chofunika kwambiri, kutentha kwambiri kungayambitse kutayika kwa kutentha, zomwe zingayambitse zochitika zachitetezo, zomwe ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha kusagwira ntchito bwino kwa zida zatsopano zamagetsi. Kutentha kochepa ndi vuto lofanana: kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte viscosity kumachedwetsa kusamuka kwa ma ion a lithiamu, kukweza kukana kwamkati ndikuchepetsa magwiridwe antchito a charge-discharge. Kuchaja mokakamizidwa m'malo ozizira kungayambitse ma ion a lithiamu kugwera pamwamba pa electrode yoyipa, ndikupanga ma lithium dendrites omwe amaboola cholekanitsa ndikuyambitsa ma circuits afupi amkati, zomwe zimayambitsa zoopsa zazikulu zachitetezo.
Pofuna kuchepetsa zoopsa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kutentha, Lithium Battery Protection Board, yomwe imadziwika kuti BMS (Battery Management System), ndi yofunika kwambiri. Zogulitsa za BMS zapamwamba kwambiri zili ndi masensa otentha a NTC omwe amawunikira kutentha kwa batri nthawi zonse. Kutentha kukapitirira malire otetezeka, makinawa amayamba kulira alamu; pakagwa kutentha kwakukulu, nthawi yomweyo amayatsa njira zodzitetezera kuti adule dera, kupewa kuwonongeka kwina. BMS yapamwamba yokhala ndi njira yowongolera kutentha kotsika ingapangitsenso kuti mabatire azigwira ntchito bwino m'malo ozizira, pothana ndi mavuto monga kuchepa kwa malo ndi zovuta zochaja, kuonetsetsa kuti magwiridwe antchito ndi okhazikika pazochitika zosiyanasiyana za kutentha.
Monga gawo lalikulu la chitetezo cha batire ya lithiamu, BMS yogwira ntchito bwino sikuti imangoteteza chitetezo chogwira ntchito komanso imawonjezera nthawi ya batire, kupereka chithandizo chofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kodalirika kwa zida zatsopano zamagetsi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-23-2025
